Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) is the most common hearing test used by audiologists to measure a person’s hearing sensitivity. It determines the softest sound (hearing threshold) a person can hear at different frequencies (pitches) and helps identify the type, degree, and pattern of hearing loss.

Purpose of PTA

PTA is performed to:

• Detect hearing loss.
• Determine whether the hearing loss is:
  • Conductive Hearing Loss (problem in the outer or middle ear)
  • Sensorineural Hearing Loss (problem in the inner ear or auditory nerve)
  • Mixed Hearing Loss (combination of both)
• Assess the severity of hearing loss.
• Monitor hearing over time.
• Help determine whether hearing aids or other treatments are needed.

The test is usually performed inside a soundproof booth.

Equipment

• Audiometer
• Headphones or insert earphones
• Bone vibrator (placed behind the ear)
• Response button (or patient raises their hand)

Procedure

1. The patient wears headphones.
2. Pure tones (beeps) of different frequencies and loudness are played.
3. The patient presses a button whenever they hear a sound.
4. Testing is performed separately for:
   • Right ear
   • Left ear
5. Bone conduction testing is also performed by placing a bone vibrator on the mastoid bone behind the ear.